Masingakwenzi kube nzima kakhulu - uma ubulokhu uzibuza ukuthi ubani ngempela owakhahlela yonke inhlangano yobuhlakani bokwenziwa, impendulo, okungenani ngokomlando, iqonde ngqo: John McCarthy . Indoda engazange ivele ibambe iqhaza eminyakeni yokuqala ye-AI - wayiqamba ngokoqobo. Ibinzana elithi intelligence yokwenziwa ? Okwakhe.
Kodwa ungakwenzi iphutha lokho njengesihloko esihehayo. Akuyona inhlonipho. Kuzuziwe.
Izindatshana ongathanda ukuzifunda ngemva kwalesi:
🔗 Uyakha kanjani i-AI - Ukujula Okujulile Ngaphandle Kwe-Fluff
Umhlahlandlela ophelele, ongenangqondo wokwakha eyakho i-AI kusukela phansi kuya phezulu.
🔗 Iyini i-Quantum AI? - Lapho I-Physics, Ikhodi, Nezinxushunxushu Zihlangana Khona
Hlola ukuphambana kwengqondo komshini we-quantum nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
🔗 Kuyini Ukuchazwa ku-AI? - Isikhathi Sokuba Konke Kuhlangene
Funda ukuthi i-AI yenza kanjani izinqumo futhi ikhiqize imininingwane ngesikhathi sangempela isebenzisa idatha eqeqeshiwe.
🔗 Kusho Ukuthini Ukuthatha Indlela Ephelele ku-AI?
Thola ukuthi kungani impumelelo ye-AI ingaphezu nje kwama-algorithms - izimiso zokuziphatha, inhloso, nomthelela nakho kuyabalulekile.
UJohn McCarthy: Ngaphezu Kwegama Ephepheni 🧑📘
UJohn McCarthy owazalwa ngo-1927 futhi esebenza ensimini waze wadlula emhlabeni ngo-2011, wayenokucaciseleka okuxakayo mayelana nemishini - ukuthi ingaba yini, lokho engeke ibe yikho. Kudala ngaphambi kokuthi amanetha e-neural ephule amaseva e-inthanethi, wayesevele ebuza izinto ezinzima: Siyifundisa kanjani imishini ukucabanga? Yini ebaluleke njengokucatshangwayo?
Ngo-1956, uMcCarthy wahlela umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi e-Dartmouth College ngezicishamlilo ezikhaliphile: uClaude Shannon (yebo, insizwa yethiyori yolwazi), uMarvin Minsky, nabanye abambalwa. Lena bekungeyona nje ingqungquthela yezemfundo enothuli. Kwakuyisikhathi. Umcimbi wangempela lapho igama elithi intelligence yokwenziwa liqale ukusetshenziswa endaweni esemthethweni.
Leso siphakamiso se-Dartmouth? Kome kancane endaweni, kodwa kubangele ukunyakaza okungakanciphisi.
Wenzani Ngempela? (Kuningi, Thembeka) 💡🔧
I-LISP, yabaqalayo
Ngo-1958, uMcCarthy wasungula i-LISP , ulimi lokuhlela olwaluzobusa kakhulu ucwaningo lwe-AI amashumi eminyaka. Uma uke wezwa igama elithi “symbolic AI,” i-LISP bekuyihhashi layo elithembekile. Ivumela abacwaningi ukuthi badlale ngengqondo ephindaphindayo, ukucabanga okufakwe esidlekeni - ngokuyisisekelo, izinto manje esizilindele kubuchwepheshe obuthakazelayo.
Ukwabelana kwesikhathi:
umqondo we-OG Cloud McCarthy wokwabelana ngesikhathi - ukuvumela abasebenzisi abaningi basebenzisane nekhompyutha ngesikhathi esisodwa - kusize ukugudluza ikhompuyutha iye kokuthile okungaka. Ungaze uphikise ukuthi bekuyidlozi lakuqala elingokomoya le-cloud computing.
Wayefuna imishini yokucabanga
Nakuba iningi laligxile ku-hardware noma kusethi yemithetho emincane, uMcCarthy wenza izinto ezinengqondo - ezinkulu, ezingabonakali njengezibalo zesimo kanye ne -circumscription . Lawa akuwona ama-buzzwords. Ziyizinhlaka ezisiza imishini ukuthi ingagcini nje ngokusebenza, kodwa icabange ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokungaqiniseki.
O, futhi wasungula i-Stanford AI Lab
I- Stanford AI Lab (SAIL) yaba yisisekelo se-AI yezemfundo. Amarobhothi, ukucutshungulwa kolimi, izinhlelo zokubona - zonke zinezimpande lapho.
Bekungeyena Nje Noma 📚🧾
Bheka, genius akuvamile ukuba enze yedwa. Umsebenzi kaMcCarthy wawuyisisekelo, yebo, kodwa wayengeyedwa ekwakheni umgogodla we-AI. Nangu omunye okufanele kukhulunywe ngaye:
-
U-Alan Turing - Uphakamise umbuzo, "Ingabe imishini ingacabanga?" emuva ngo-1950. Ukuhlolwa kwakhe kweTuring kusacashunwa nanamuhla. Unombono futhi ngokudabukisayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe 🤖.
-
UClaude Shannon - Usize ukuqala ingqungquthela yaseDartmouth noMcCarthy. Yakha futhi igundane elingumshini (i-Theseus) elixazulule ama-mazes ngokufunda. I-surreal kancane yama-1950s 🐭.
-
U-Herbert Simon no-Allen Newell - Bakha i-Logic Theorist , uhlelo olungafakazela amathiyori. Abantu abakholwanga ekuqaleni.
-
U-Marvin Minsky - Izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-theorist kanye ne-tinker. Wagxuma phakathi kwamanethi e-neural, amarobhothi, kanye nokuthatha okunesibindi kwefilosofi. Umlingani kaMcCarthy ohlakaniphe kakhulu we-sparring iminyaka 🛠️.
-
U-Nils Nilsson - Ulolonge buthule indlela esicabanga ngayo ngokuhlela, ukusesha, nama-ejenti. Ubhale izincwadi zokufunda iningi labafundi bokuqala be-AI ababezivule emadeskini abo.
Laba bafana babengebona abalingisi abaseceleni - basize ukuchaza imiphetho yalokho okungaba yi-AI. Noma kunjalo, uMcCarthy wabamba isikhungo.
Usuku Lwesimanje? Igagasi Eliphelele Lelo 🔬⚙️
Phambili phambili. Unabantu abafana noGeoffrey Hinton , Yoshua Bengio , kanye no-Yann LeCun - manje abaziwa ngokuthi "Onkulunkulu Bokufunda Okujulile."
Amamodeli we-backpropagation ka-Hinton ngeminyaka yawo-1980 awazange avele aphele - avela. Ngo-2012, umsebenzi wakhe kumanethiwekhi e-convolutional neural wasiza ukwethula i-AI endaweni esobala yomphakathi. Cabanga: ukuqashelwa kwesithombe, ukuhlanganisa izwi, umbhalo obikezelayo - konke kuvela kulowo mfutho wokufunda ojulile 🌊.
Ngo-2024, uHinton waklonyeliswa ngendondo yeNobel kuPhysics ngaleyo minikelo. Yebo, i-physics. Yileyo ndlela imigqa efiphele ngayo manje phakathi kwekhodi nokuqaphela 🏆.
Kodwa nansi into: akukho Hinton, akukho ukuhlinzwa okujulile kokufunda - kuyiqiniso. Kepha futhi, akekho uMcCarthy, ayikho inkambu ye-AI ukuqala ngayo . Ithonya lakhe lisemathanjeni.
Umsebenzi kaMcCarthy? Kusabalulekile 🧩📏
I-Odd twist - kuyilapho imithetho ejulile yokufunda namuhla, eminye yemibono “emidala” kaMcCarthy inembuyiselo. Ukucabanga okungokomfanekiso, amagrafu olwazi, nezinhlelo eziyingxube? Bayikusasa futhi.
Kungani? Ngoba njengoba ehlakaniphe njengamamodeli akhiqizayo, asafuna izinto ezithile - njengokugcina ukungaguquguquki, ukusebenzisa ingqondo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma ukubhekana nokungqubuzana. UMcCarthy wayesevele ehlola lawo maphethelo emuva kuma-'60s kanye nama-'70s.
Ngakho-ke uma abantu bekhuluma ngokuhlanganisa ama-LLM anezendlalelo ezinengqondo noma izimbondela ezingokomfanekiso - basuke bazi noma bengazi, baphinde bavakashele incwadi yakhe yokudlala.
Ngakho, Ubani uYise we-AI? 🧠✅
Akukho ukungabaza lapha: UJohn McCarthy .
Waqamba igama. Ulolonge ulimi. Wakha amathuluzi. Wabuza imibuzo enzima. Futhi namanje, abacwaningi be-AI basabambene nemibono ayidweba emabhodini eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
Ingabe ufuna ukuzulazula ngekhodi ye-LISP? Gxumela kuma-ejenti angokomfanekiso? Noma landelela ukuthi izinhlaka zikaMcCarthy zihlangana kanjani nezakhiwo zanamuhla zezinzwa? Ngikufihlele - vele ubuze.