Yadalwa nini i-AI? Lo mbuzo usithatha ohambweni phakathi kwamashumi eminyaka ezinto ezintsha, kusukela kuzisekelo zetiyori kuya kumamodeli okufunda emishini athuthukile esiwasebenzisa namuhla.
Izindatshana ongathanda ukuzifunda ngemva kwalesi:
🔹 Iyini i-LLM ku-AI? – Gxila ngokujulile Kumamodeli Olimi Amakhulu nendlela enza ngayo izinguquko endleleni imishini eqonda ngayo futhi ikhiqize ulimi.
🔹 Iyini i-RAG ku-AI? – Funda ukuthi i-Retrieval-Augmented Generation ilithuthukisa kanjani ikhono le-AI lokuletha izimpendulo zesikhathi sangempela, ezinothe ngomongo.
🔹 Iyini I-ejenti ye-AI? - Umhlahlandlela ophelele wama-ejenti e-AI ahlakaniphile, ukuthi ayini, asebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani ebalulekile ekuguqukeni kwe-automation.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umsuka we-AI, izigigaba ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, nokuthi iguquke kanjani kubuchwepheshe obunamandla obulolonga umhlaba wethu.
📜 Ukuzalwa kwe-AI: Yadalwa Nini i-AI?
Umqondo wobuhlakani bokwenziwa uhlehle emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, kodwa i-AI yesimanje njengoba siyazi yaqala phakathi nekhulu lama-20 . Igama elithi "intelligence yokufakelwa" laqanjwa ngokusemthethweni ngo -1956 eNgqungqutheleni yaseDartmouth , umcimbi oqavile ohlelwe usosayensi wekhompyutha uJohn McCarthy . Lesi sikhathi saziwa kabanzi njengokuzalwa okusemthethweni kwe-AI.
Kodwa-ke, uhambo oluya ku-AI lwaqala ngaphambili kakhulu, lugxile kufilosofi, izibalo, kanye nekhompyutha yokuqala.
🔹 Izisekelo zethiyori zakuqala (Ngaphambi kwekhulu lama-20)
Ngaphambi kokuba ama-computer abe khona, izazi zefilosofi nezibalo zazihlola umqondo wemishini engalingisa ukuhlakanipha komuntu.
- I-Aristotle (384-322 BC) - Yakha uhlelo lokuqala oluhlelekile lwe-logic, oluthonya imibono yakamuva yokubala.
- Ramon Llull (1300s) – Imishini ehlongozwayo yokumela ulwazi.
- U-Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1700s) - Wakhelwe ulimi olungokomfanekiso lomhlaba wonke lokuqonda, wabeka isisekelo sama-algorithms.
🔹 Ikhulu lama-20: Izisekelo ze-AI
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 kwaqala ukuzalwa kwe-logic ehlelekile kanye nethiyori yokubala, okwavula indlela ye-AI. Ezinye zentuthuko ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:
✔️ Alan Turing (1936) - Uhlongoze umshini wokuthungatha , imodeli yetiyetha yokubala eyabeka isisekelo se-AI.
✔️ I-WWII & Codebreaking (1940s) - Umsebenzi kaTuring emshinini we-Enigma ubonise ukuxazulula izinkinga okusekelwe emshinini.
✔️ I-First Neural Networks (1943) - UWarren McCulloch & Walter Pitts badale imodeli yokuqala yezibalo yama-neurons okwenziwa.
🔹 1956: Ukuzalwa Okusemthethweni Kwe-AI
I-AI yaba insimu esemthethweni yokufunda ngesikhathi seNgqungquthela yaseDartmouth ngo-1956. Ihlelwe nguJohn McCarthy , umcimbi wahlanganisa amaphayona afana noMarvin Minsky, uClaude Shannon, noNathaniel Rochester . Bekungokokuqala ngqa igama elithi intelligence yokwenziwa lisetshenziswa ukuchaza imishini ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi edinga ukucabanga okufana nomuntu.
🔹 I-AI Boom and Winter (1950s–1990s)
Ucwaningo lwe-AI lwenyuka ngeminyaka yawo -1960 nawo-1970 , lwaholela ku:
- Izinhlelo zakuqala ze-AI ezifana ne-General Problem Solver (GPS) ne-ELIZA (enye yama-chatbots okuqala).
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zochwepheshe ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ezazisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nasebhizinisini.
Kodwa-ke, ukulinganiselwa emandleni ekhompuyutha kanye nokulindela okungenangqondo kwaholela ebusika obubili be-AI (izikhathi zokuncishiswa kwezimali kanye nokuma kocwaningo) ngeminyaka yawo -1970 nasekupheleni kwawo-1980 .
🔹 I-Rise of Modern AI (1990s–Okwamanje)
Iminyaka yawo-1990 yaqala kabusha i-AI, iqhutshwa:
✔️ 1997 I-Deep Blue ye-IBM yehlule umkhulu we-chess uGarry Kasparov .
✔️ 2011 - UWatson uwine uJeopardy! ngokumelene namaqhawe abantu.
✔️ 2012 - Ukuphumelela ekufundeni okujulile namanethiwekhi e-neural kuholele ekubuseni kwe-AI emikhakheni efana nokuqashelwa kwesithombe.
✔️ 2023–Present - Amamodeli e-AI afana ne -ChatGPT, i-Google Gemini, ne-Midjourney abonisa ukukhiqizwa kombhalo nomfanekiso womuntu.
🚀 Ikusasa le-AI: Yini elandelayo?
I-AI ithuthuka ngokushesha, ngentuthuko ezinhlelweni ezizimele, ukucutshungulwa kolimi lwemvelo (NLP), kanye nobuhlakani obujwayelekile bokwenziwa (AGI) . Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi i-AI izoqhubeka nokuguqula izimboni, nokucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha kuba okubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.
📌 Ukuphendula "Yadalwa Nini i-AI?"
Ngakho, i-AI yadalwa nini? Impendulo esemthethweni ithi 1956 , lapho iNkomfa yaseDartmouth imaka i-AI njengomkhakha wokufunda ohlukile. Nokho, umsuka wayo womqondo uhlehlela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka, ngentuthuko enkulu eyenzeka ekhulwini lama-20 nelama-21 .