Iyini i-AI Bias?

I-AI ikhona yonke indawo-ihlunga buthule, ishaya amaphuzu, futhi iphakamisa. Kuyasiza lokho… ize iqhubekisele amanye amaqembu phambili futhi ishiye amanye ngemuva. Uma uke wazibuza ukuthi yini i-AI bias , kungani ivela ngisho kumamodeli aphucuziwe, nokuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani ngaphandle kokusebenza kwama-tank, lo mhlahlandlela ungowakho.

Izindatshana ongathanda ukuzifunda ngemva kwalesi:

🔗 Imele ini i-GPT
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-plain-English yegama nemvelaphi ye-GPT.

🔗 Yini i-AI ebikezelayo
Amamodeli aqagelayo ayibikezela kanjani imiphumela evela kudatha yomlando nebukhoma.

🔗 Yini i-AI yomthombo ovulekile
Incazelo, izinzuzo ezibalulekile, izinselele, amalayisense, nezibonelo zephrojekthi.

🔗 Ungayifaka kanjani i-AI ebhizinisini lakho
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo somgwaqo, amathuluzi, ukuhamba komsebenzi, kanye noshintsho olubalulekile lokuphatha.

Incazelo esheshayo: yini i-AI Bias?

Ukuchema kwe-AI kulapho imiphumela yohlelo lwe-AI ivuna ngokuhlelekile noma ibeka engcupheni abantu abathile noma amaqembu. Ngokuvamile kuvela kudatha engalingani, ukukhetha kokulinganisa okuncane, noma umongo obanzi lapho isistimu yakhiwe futhi isetshenziswa khona. I-bias ayihlali inonya, kodwa ingalimaza ngokushesha uma ishiywe ingahloliwe. [1]

Umehluko owusizo: ukwenzelela kuwukugwegwisa ekuthathweni kwezinqumo, kanti ukucwasa kuwumphumela olimazayo ongenziwa yi-skew emhlabeni. Awukwazi njalo ukususa konke ukuchema, kodwa kufanele ukulawule ukuze kungadali imiphumela engalungile. [2]

Kungani ukuqonda ukuchema empeleni kukwenza ube ngcono 💡

Ukuthatha okungajwayelekile, akunjalo? Kepha ukwazi ukuthi kuyini ukuchema kwe-AI kukwenza:

• Kungcono ekwakhiweni - uzobona imibono entekenteke ngaphambili.

• Kungcono ekubuseni - uzobhala ukuhwebelana esikhundleni sokukunyakazisa ngesandla.

• Kungcono ezingxoxweni - nabaholi, abalawuli, nabantu abathintekayo.

Futhi, ukufunda ulimi lwamamethrikhi okulunga nenqubomgomo konga isikhathi kamuva. Ngokweqiniso, kufana nokuthenga imephu ngaphambi kohambo lomgwaqo olungaphelele, nokho lungcono kakhulu kunamavayibhu. [2]

Izinhlobo zokuchema kwe-AI ozozibona endle 🧭

Ukuchema kubonakala kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo we-AI. Amaqembu amaphethini ajwayelekile angenela ku:

• Ukuchema kwesampula yedatha - amanye amaqembu awamelweli kahle noma awatholakali.

• Ukuchema kwelebula - amalebula omlando ahlanganisa ukucwasa noma ukwahlulela kwabantu okunomsindo.

• Ukuchema kokulinganisa - ama-proxies angathathi lokho okubaluleke ngempela.

• Ukuchema kokuhlola - amasethi okuhlola ageja isibalo sabantu noma izimo ezithile.

• Ukuchema kokuthunyelwa - imodeli yelebhu enhle esetshenziswa endaweni engalungile.

• Ukuchema okuhlelekile nokwabantu - amaphethini omphakathi abanzi nokukhetha kweqembu okuvuza kubuchwepheshe.

Imodeli yengqondo ewusizo evela emigwaqweni yamazinga ihlanganisa ukuchema ngezigaba zabantu, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nesistimu futhi incoma kwezenhlalo nobuchwepheshe , hhayi nje ukulungisa amamodeli. [1]

Lapho ukwenzelela kungena ipayipi 🔍

1. Inkinga yokufaka uzimele - chaza okuqondiwe kalula futhi awubandakanyi abantu umkhiqizo okufanele ubanikeze.

2. Ukuthola idatha - idatha yomlando ivamise ukufaka ikhodi ukungalingani okudlule.

3. Izinketho zesici - ama-proxi wezibaluli ezizwelayo angakha kabusha izibaluli ezibucayi.

4. Ukuqeqeshwa - izinjongo zithuthukisa ukunemba okumaphakathi, hhayi ukulingana.

5. Ukuhlola - uma isethi yakho yokubamba ihlanekezelwe, amamethrikhi akho nawo anjalo.

6. Ukuqapha - ukushintsha kwabasebenzisi noma umongo kungaphinda kwethule izinkinga.

Abalawuli bagcizelela ukubhala phansi ubungozi bokulunga kulo lonke umjikelezo wempilo, hhayi nje ngesikhathi esifanele amamodeli. Ukuzivocavoca kwezandla zonke. [2]

Sikala kanjani ubulungisa ngaphandle kokungena emibuthanweni? 📏

Ayikho imethrikhi eyodwa ezobusa wonke. Khetha ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho sokusebenzisa kanye nokulimala ofuna ukukugwema.

• Ukulingana kwezibalo zabantu - izilinganiso zokukhetha kufanele zifane kuwo wonke amaqembu. Ilungele imibuzo yokwabiwa, kodwa ingangqubuzana nemigomo yokunemba. [3]

• Izingqinamba ezilinganayo - amazinga amaphutha afana nokuphozithiza okungamanga kanye nokuphozithiza kwangempela kufanele kufane. Iwusizo uma izindleko zamaphutha zihluka ngokweqembu. [3]

• Ukulinganisa - kumaphuzu afanayo, imiphumela kufanele ibe nokwenzeka ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke amaqembu. Kuyasiza uma amaphuzu eqhuba izinqumo zabantu. [3]

Amakhithi amathuluzi enza lokhu kube wusizo ngokusebenzisa izikhala, iziqephu, namadeshibhodi ukuze uyeke ukuqagela. [3]

Izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ukuchema okusebenzayo 🛠️

Cabanga ngokunciphisa okunezingqimba kunechashazi elilodwa elisiliva:

• Ukuhlolwa kwedatha nokunothisa - thola izikhala zokumbozwa, qoqa idatha ephephile lapho kusemthethweni, amasampula edokhumenti.

• Ukukala kabusha nokusampula kabusha - lungisa ukusatshalaliswa kokuqeqeshwa ukuze unciphise i-skew.

• Imikhawulo yokucubungula - engeza imigomo yokulunga kumpokophelo ukuze imodeli ifunde ukuhwebelana ngokuqondile.

• Ukudelela okuphikisanayo - qeqesha imodeli ukuze izibaluli ezizwelayo zingakwazi ukubikezelwa kusukela ekumeleleni kwangaphakathi.

• Ngemuva kokucubungula - linganisa imikhawulo yesinqumo ngeqembu ngalinye uma kufaneleka futhi kusemthethweni.

• Ukuhlola komuntu-in-the-loop - amamodeli abhanqa anezifinyezo ezichazekayo nezindlela zokukhuphuka.

Imitapo yolwazi yemithombo evulekile efana ne-AIF360 kanye ne -Fairlearn inikeza kokubili ama-metrics nama-algorithms okunciphisa. Akuwona umlingo, kodwa azokunikeza indawo yokuqala ehlelekile. [5][3]

Ubufakazi bomhlaba wangempela bokuthi ukuchema kubalulekile 📸💳🏥

• Ukuhlaziywa kobuso - ucwaningo olucashunwe kabanzi lubonise ukunemba okukhulu okungafani kuwo wonke ubulili namaqembu ohlobo lwesikhumba ezinhlelweni zezohwebo, okuphusha inkambu kuzinqubo zokuhlola ezingcono. [4]

• Izinqumo ezisezingeni eliphezulu (isikweletu, ukuqasha, izindlu) - ngisho ngaphandle kwenhloso, imiphumela echemile ingangqubuzana nokungakhethi kanye nemisebenzi yokulwa nokucwasa. Ukuhumusha: unesibopho ngemiphumela, hhayi ikhodi kuphela. [2]

I-anecdote esheshayo evela ekusebenzeni: ekucwaningweni kwesikrini sokuqasha esingaziwa, ithimba lithole izikhala zokukhumbula abesifazane ezindimeni zobuchwepheshe. Izinyathelo ezilula-ukuhlukaniswa kwe-stratified okungcono, ukubuyekezwa kwesici, kanye nomkhawulo weqembu ngalinye-kuvalwe iningi legebe ngokuhweba okunembayo okuncane. Ukhiye kwakungelona iqhinga elilodwa; kwakuyiluphu yokulinganisa ephindaphindwayo-mitigation–monitor.

Inqubomgomo, umthetho, nokubusa: ukuthi “okuhle” kubukeka kanjani 🧾

Awudingi ukuba ummeli, kodwa udinga ukudizayina ukwenzelela nokuchazeleka:

• Izimiso zokulunga - amanani agxile kumuntu, ukubeka izinto obala, nokungabandlululi kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo. [1]

• Ukuvikelwa kwedatha & nokulingana - lapho idatha yomuntu siqu ibandakanyeka, lindela imisebenzi emayelana nokungenzeleli, umkhawulo wezinjongo, namalungelo omuntu ngamunye; Imithetho yomkhakha nayo ingasebenza. Mepha izibopho zakho kusenesikhathi. [2]

• Ukulawulwa kobungozi - sebenzisa izinhlaka ezihlelekile ukuze uhlonze, ulinganise, futhi uqaphe ukuchema njengengxenye yezinhlelo zobungozi ezibanzi ze-AI. Kubhale phansi. Ibuyekeze. Phinda. [1]

Ngaphandle okuncane: amaphepha akuwona nje umsebenzi we-bureaucracy; yindlela ofakazela ngayo ukuthi ngempela uwenzile umsebenzi uma kukhona ekubuzayo.

Ithebula lokuqhathanisa: amathuluzi nezinhlaka zokulawula ukuchema kwe-AI 🧰📊

Ngayinye yalezi ikusiza ukuthi uphendule ukuthi yikuphi ukuchema kwe-AI kumongo wakho ngokukunikeza isakhiwo, amamethrikhi, nesilulumagama esabiwe.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okufushane, okunombono kancane 🧪

1. Yisho umonakalo ofuna ukuwugwema - ukulimala kwesabelo, ukungafani kwezinga lamaphutha, ukulimala kwesithunzi, njll.

2. Khetha imethrikhi eqondaniswe nalokho kulimala - isb, amathuba alinganayo uma ukulingana kwephutha kubalulekile. [3]

3. Qalisa izisekelo ngedatha nemodeli yanamuhla. Londoloza umbiko wokulunga.

4. Zama ukulungisa ukungqubuzana okuphansi kuqala - ukuhlukaniswa kwedatha okungcono, umkhawulo, noma ukulinganisa kabusha.

5. Khuphukela emikhawulweni yokucubungula uma kudingeka.

6. Phinda ubuyekeze kumasethi okubanjiwe amele abasebenzisi bangempela.

7. Gada ekukhiqizeni - amashifu okusabalalisa ayenzeka; amadeshibhodi kufanele, futhi.

8. Ukuhwebelana kwedokhumenti - ukulunga kuhambisana nezimo, ngakho chaza ukuthi kungani ukhethe ukulingana X kuno-Y. [1][2]

Izilawuli nemizimba yamazinga igcina igcizelela ukucabanga komjikelezo wempilo ngesizathu. Kuyasebenza. [1]

Amathiphu okuxhumana ababambe iqhaza 🗣️

• Gwema izincazelo zezibalo kuphela - bonisa amashadi alula nezibonelo eziphathekayo kuqala.

• Sebenzisa ulimi olulula - yisho ukuthi imodeli ingenzani ngokungafanele nokuthi ubani ongathinteka.

• Ukuhwebelana okungaphezulu - izithiyo zokulunga zingashintsha ukunemba; lokho akusona isiphazamisi uma kunciphisa ukulimala.

• Hlela izimo eziphuthumayo - indlela yokumisa okwesikhashana noma ukuhlehlisa uma kuvela izinkinga.

• Ukumema ukucutshungulwa - ukubuyekezwa kwangaphandle noma ukuhlanganisa iqembu elibomvu kuveza izindawo eziyizimpumputhe. Akekho oyithandayo, kodwa iyasiza. [1][2]

I-FAQ: kuyini ukuchema kwe-AI, ngempela? ❓

Ingabe ukuchema akukona nje idatha embi?
Hhayi kuphela. Idatha ibalulekile, kodwa ukukhetha kokumodela, idizayini yokuhlola, umongo wokusetshenziswa, kanye nezisusa zethimba konke kuthonya imiphumela. [1]

Ngingakwazi ukuqeda ukuchema ngokuphelele?
Ngokuvamile akunjalo. Uhlose ukuphatha ukuchema ukuze kungabangeli imiphumela engalungile-cabanga ukunciphisa nokuphatha, hhayi ukuphelela. [2]

Iyiphi imethrikhi yokulunga okufanele ngiyisebenzise?
Khetha ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lokulimaza kanye nemithetho yesizinda. Isibonelo, uma imibono engamanga ilimaza iqembu kakhulu, gxila ekulinganeni kwesilinganiso sephutha (amathuba alinganayo). [3]

Ingabe ngidinga ukubuyekezwa okusemthethweni?
Uma uhlelo lwakho luthinta amathuba noma amalungelo abantu, yebo. Imithetho eqondiswe kubathengi nokulingana ingasebenza ezinqumweni ze-algorithmic, futhi udinga ukukhombisa umsebenzi wakho. [2]

Amazwi okugcina: Inde Kakhulu, Ayizange Ifunde 🧾✨

Uma othile ekubuza ukuthi yini i-AI bias , nansi impendulo esheshayo: i-skew ehlelekile emiphumeleni ye-AI engaveza imiphumela engalungile emhlabeni wangempela. Uyixilonga ngamamethrikhi afanele umongo, wehlise ngamasu anengqimba, futhi ubuse kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo. Akusona isiphazamisi esisodwa ukusquash-kungumkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nombuzo wabantu odinga isigubhu esiqinile sokulinganisa, imibhalo, nokuthobeka. Ngicabanga ukuthi alikho inhlamvu yesiliva... kodwa kunohlu lokuhlola oluhloniphekile, ukuhwebelana ngokwethembeka, nemikhuba engcono. Futhi yebo, ama-emoji ambalwa awalokothi alimale. 🙂

Izithenjwa

1. I-NIST Special Publication 1270 - Ibheke Kuzinga Lokuhlonza Nokuphatha Ukuchema Kobunhloli Obungenziwa . Isixhumanisi

2. Ihhovisi likaKhomishana Wezolwazi wase-UK - Kuthiwani ngokungenzeleli, ukuchema nokucwasa? Isixhumanisi

3. I-Fairlearn Documentation - Amamethrikhi okulunga avamile (ukulingana kwezibalo zabantu, amathuba alinganayo, ukulinganisa). Isixhumanisi

4. I-Buolamwini, J., & Gebru, T. (2018). Izithunzi Zobulili: Ukwehluka Kokunemba Kwezimpambano Kukuhlukaniswa Ubulili Kwezentengiso . FAT* / PMLR. Isixhumanisi

5. Ucwaningo lwe-IBM - Sethula i-AI Fairness 360 (AIF360) . Isixhumanisi

Thola i-AI yakamuva esitolo esisemthethweni somsizi we-AI

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